ACN, Inc.
The rare compensation plan that pays nothing whatsoever for enrolling a person - attached to a catalog that is eleven-twelfths somebody else’s brand, and a company that has gone from 27 markets to 2 in four years.
No bonus of any kind fires when you sign someone up - you must acquire seven personal customer points across three services before you earn at all - and the same company has exited 25 of its 27 markets since 2022.
Can you actually make money with ACN?
Yes, under conditions, and the condition that matters is that you have to acquire customers before this plan pays you anything at all. No bonus of any kind fires when you sign somebody up. There is no signup bonus, no pack commission and no fast start paid on a fee. The company's own compensation document opens in bold with the sentence that compensation is earned only when customers are acquired.
The gate is seven personal customer points across at least three different services, maintained rather than hit once, before you earn a dollar. Regional Director and above must hold fifteen points across five services simply to keep receiving earned-position pay, which de-qualifies top earners whose own customer base decays. That is the strongest customer-acquisition architecture graded on this site.
The cost is low and it is honest about itself: $299 to start, $25 or $30 a month, $49 a year to renew, so $648 to $708 in year one, with nothing to stock, no autoship and no product-purchase requirement anywhere. What is missing is the other half of the ledger. No income disclosure with readable figures exists. The only participant-level in-and-out data ever published came from a 2010 Montana filing built from records the company supplied, in a proceeding later vacated in full.
Two facts belong in front of anybody weighing this. The commission rate starts at 3%, and the 20% the marketing quotes needs 200 personal customer points, which at one point per residential energy service is 200 energy customers. And the company has gone from 27 markets to 2 since 2022 - its own FAQ now says it operates in the United States and Canada.
one-off Start-Up Fee, then a Business Support Fee the company’s own website states as both $25 and $30 a month on two different pages, plus $49 a year to renew - $648 to $708 in year one, with no autoship, no inventory and no product-purchase requirement
- You can find and hold seven paying customers across three services before you are paid anything. That gate is maintained continuously rather than cleared once, and it is the whole reason this plan looks the way it does.
- You are content to sell somebody else's brand on somebody else's bill. Eleven of twelve categories in the catalog are a third party's service, and the policies forbid a representative from publishing price comparisons.
- You would not be badly hurt by leaving. Commissions pay in the third month after billing and are forfeited entirely on termination, so a representative who quits in April loses January, February and March.
- You can build inside two markets. Twenty-five of twenty-seven have closed since 2022, and a downline in a country the company has exited is not a downline any more.
That call is computed, not chosen - the rule reads three of the nine published dimension scores and is printed on the methodology page. It describes this company's plan and the figures it publishes about the people already in it. It is not a prediction about you, and nothing on this site is advice.
Legal status
LEGAL - and the contested file resolved in ACN’s favor, which is unusual enough that it has to be said precisely. The Full Federal Court of Australia allowed ACN’s appeal on 25 October 2005, set aside the first-instance pyramid-selling declarations in full and ordered the regulator to pay ACN’s costs; the High Court refused the regulator special leave on 2 June 2006 with costs, so the appellate holding stands as a litigated judgment for the defendant. A Montana cease-and-desist order and notice of proposed disciplinary action issued in August 2010 was vacated by the Commissioner within about five weeks in a settlement recording that the conduct complained of was "not part of the ACN business model" - no fine, no restitution, no admission. A 2002 Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission consumer-services matter settled with the allegations disputed and the terms under seal. There is no FTC action, no consent order, no SEC proceeding, no state assurance of voluntary compliance, and no criminal charge against the company or any of its four founders. The October 2021 FTC Notice of Penalty Offenses was a mass mailing to more than 1,100 companies and is not an allegation, a charge or a finding against any recipient.
Confidence: Medium
Primary sources fetched directly where possible. Everything we could not verify is listed at the bottom of this page by name.
Follow the money
A North Carolina direct seller, private since 1993 and still run by its four original co-founders, whose representatives sign customers up to telecommunications, energy, television, home-security, identity-protection, healthcare-sharing, travel, payment-processing and payroll services - almost all of them supplied, branded and billed by other companies - and are paid a percentage of what those customers are billed. The US participant contracts with ACN Opportunity, LLC.
The compensation architecture is the best thing about it and it should be said without hedging. There is no payment of any kind for enrolling a person: no signup bonus, no pack commission, no fast start, no autoship and no inventory. The plan document says so in bold on its own front page - "Compensation is earned only when customers are acquired" - and the qualification tables enforce it. Seven personal customer points across at least three different services are required before anything at all is earned, and the requirement must be maintained. Regional Directors, Regional Vice Presidents and Senior Vice Presidents must maintain fifteen personal customer points across at least five services simply to keep being paid at their rank. Per-leg caps of 200 and 750 customer points block single-leg stacking. Even the team bonus fires only when the person who was enrolled acquires customers within 30 days. This is the structure on which the Full Federal Court of Australia allowed the company’s appeal in 2005, holding that "if the recruiter does no more than recruit other participants there is no entitlement to any payment," and it is the reason the securities score on this page is a 10 and the compensation score is the highest of any dimension bar securities.
Then the catalog, which is where the value question lives. Eleven of the twelve categories the company itself lists are another firm’s service under another firm’s brand, on another firm’s bill: the electricity and gas supplier and the home-security company are now both owned by the same listed utility group, the internet and television are the ordinary national carriers, the identity-protection enrollment runs through a plain affiliate link, and the healthcare product is a not-for-profit sharing membership that is expressly not insurance. Every one of those suppliers sells direct at the same price or better, and several run refer-a-friend schemes that cost nothing at all. The company’s own Policies and Procedures forbid representatives from publishing price comparisons against other telecom or energy providers, and forbid any numerical savings claim. A business that sells on price and bans the comparison has answered the question.
And the context a 2026 joiner most needs is the retreat. Recruitment across Europe was suspended without public explanation in late 2022. In a single week in January 2024 the Latin American mobile business was sold, the Korean operation was sold, and all European direct selling was wound down, the European distributor database handed to an unrelated listed direct seller free of charge while the holding company invested USD 1m into that buyer. Spanish fixed-line service ended in May 2025; the Danish company was dissolved that same month and the UK service company was placed into a solvent members’ voluntary liquidation in October 2025 and dissolved in May 2026. Those are solvent wind-ups, not insolvencies, and neither is a finding of wrongdoing - but the company’s own FAQ now reads, flatly, "ACN currently operates in the United States and Canada." In 2019 it said 26 or 27 countries. That is 27 markets to 2 in roughly four years, and it is the real risk in this file.
Where a US participant’s year-one $648 actually goes
The published US fee schedule at the $25-a-month reading of the Business Support Fee. This is the fee flow only - the money that pays commissions comes from a separate pot, a slice of third-party service billings, and the two must not be merged.
| Product | Price | Pays |
|---|---|---|
| IBO Start-Up Fee The whole of it is retained by the company. Nothing flows to the sponsor - the finding on which the Australian appeal turned. Refundable in full within ten business days of enrollment. |
$299 one-time |
$0 to the upline |
| Business Support Fee The company’s own website states both figures on two different pages of the same FAQ system, and its April 2025 slide deck says $25. A prospect cannot determine their own monthly cost from the operator’s site. Refundable for the thirty days preceding a termination. |
$25 or $30 a month monthly |
— |
| Annual renewal Charged on the anniversary of the start date, so it lands inside month twelve. Miss it by 30 days and the position is non-renewed; reinstatement within eleven months requires paying all accrued back Business Support Fees for months in which nothing could be earned. |
$49 annual |
— |
| Residential electricity or gas (third-party supplier) From the 2021 US schedule, the most recent full commissionable-revenue table publicly retrievable. At the 3% entry band a $100 supply charge pays the representative $1.20 a month. Roughly 500 such customers would be needed to reach $600 a month at that band. |
the customer’s own bill monthly |
1 customer point per service · 40% of the bill is commissionable · life of customer |
| Home security and automation (third-party supplier) 2021 schedule. The highest point value in the residential catalog, and the same listed utility group that owns the energy supplier now owns this vendor too. |
the customer’s own bill monthly |
8 customer points · 85% commissionable · life of customer |
| Identity-theft protection (third-party brand) 2021 schedule. Enrollment runs through an affiliate link carrying an affiliate ID, which is a fair description of the relationship. Statutory credit freezes at the three bureaux have been free since 2018. |
the customer’s own subscription monthly to annual |
2 points monthly · 3 quarterly · 4 annual · 90% commissionable · life of customer |
| Television and home internet (national carriers) The heart of the price-to-value problem and of the marketing problem. A full satellite-television bill generates $35 of commissionable revenue, paying a new representative $1.05 a month at the 3% band - and it stops entirely at month 24. One wireless product stops at month 30. |
the customer’s own bill monthly |
1–3 points · a fixed $10–$45 of commissionable revenue · 24 months only |
| Healthcare sharing membership (third-party organization) Expressly not insurance, with no guarantee of payment and household responsibility amounts of $2,500 to $10,000 a year, plus per-visit provider fees of $50 to $150 that never count toward that amount. The company gates the product behind an annual accreditation quiz at a 90% pass mark, which is a real compliance control and is counted as such. |
from $73/month individual, from $378/month family monthly |
paid by ACN directly to the representative |
Who runs it, and what they ran before
Named as the third respondent in the Australian regulator’s 2004 Federal Court proceeding - but the regulator discontinued against the third and sixth respondents before judgment, so no finding of any kind was ever made against him personally. Named individually in the Montana 2010 notice of proposed agency disciplinary action, which was vacated in full settlement with no fine, no restitution and no admission. No criminal proceeding, fraud judgment or insolvency could be located against him in any jurisdiction.
Described by the company as counseling representatives daily on building their organizations. Named individually in the vacated Montana action. No regulatory finding, criminal proceeding or fraud judgment could be located. The four founders’ pre-1993 ventures are described by the company only as "countless years of direct sales experience" and are not named; no authoritative source for them could be found, and the internet folklore on the point is unsourced and is not repeated here.
Both named individually in the vacated Montana action; nothing was found against either. Thirty-three years with the same four owners, no receivership, no insolvency of the operating business and no criminal file against any principal is genuinely rare in this category and is the strongest single item in the ownership column.
Between 2021 and 2026 this management acquired a Dallas energy direct seller in 2021 and a 22-year-old buying-club direct seller in January 2022 - each of which had been ranked within a few places of ACN itself on the 2017 trade table - and then, by December 2023, discontinued the perks offering that gave the acquired membership its purpose, a trade blog reporting that the membership was left with "no value". In a single week in January 2024 it sold its Latin American mobile business, sold its Korean operation, and wound down all European direct selling by handing the European distributor database to an unrelated listed direct seller free of charge while its holding company put USD 1m of equity into that buyer. A separate related-party question is flagged and unresolved: two lead-generation aggregators list the co-founder of one of ACN’s flagship 2023–2026 healthcare products as holding a C-suite title at ACN. The identity match is aggregator-asserted and could not be confirmed.
Registered address
Concord, North Carolina, USA
Privately held since inception and still run by the same four co-founders, through Manna Holdings, LLC. Relocated from Farmington Hills, Michigan to 1000 Progress Place NE, Concord in 2008. There is no filed, audited or company-published revenue figure anywhere in the public record: the widely-repeated $750m is a self-submitted, unaudited entry in a 2017 trade ranking for FY2016, the $650m for 2018 is a trade estimate showing −7% year on year, and the $500m repeated identically for 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025 by one directory is a stale placeholder field rather than a measurement. Aggregator profiles claiming roughly 4,800 employees across 60 countries are counting independent representatives’ own LinkedIn self-descriptions as staff and list markets the company has publicly exited. The honest statement is that ACN has never published a revenue number, and that its own FAQ now reads: "ACN currently operates in the United States and Canada."
The veteran's checklist
Eight questions that decide whether this is a business or a transfer mechanism. Same eight, every review.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who legally owns it? |
WATCH
ACN Opportunity, LLC owns the US compensation plan and the representative agreement, under ACN, Inc. and the holding vehicle Manna Holdings, LLC, Concord, North Carolina. Private since 1993, never listed, never took outside capital, still run by the same four co-founders. No audited or filed revenue figure exists anywhere in public.
|
| What does it really cost? |
OK
$299 to start, then $25 or $30 a month - the company’s own site states both - plus $49 a year to renew: $648 to $708 in year one and $349 to $409 thereafter. No autoship, no inventory, no minimum purchase volume.
|
| Does it pay anything for enrolling people? |
OK
No. There is no signup bonus, no pack commission and no fast start. Team bonuses fire only when the person enrolled acquires customers within 30 days. Seven personal customer points across three services are needed before anything is earned, maintained continuously.
|
| Published income disclosure? |
CONCERN
Not in any usable form. An "ACN Earnings Statement 2023" is archived by a watchdog nonprofit as a scanned image whose figures could not be extracted; the company’s own FAQ on earnings contains no number. Its policies do require the top ranks to state they are in the top 1%.
|
| Was it ever found to be a pyramid scheme? |
OK
No finding survives anywhere. A first-instance Australian judgment against the company was set aside in full by the Full Federal Court on 25 October 2005 with costs against the regulator, and the High Court refused special leave on 2 June 2006. The Montana cease-and-desist of 2010 was vacated within about five weeks, no fine, no admission, with the settlement recording that the conduct was not part of the business model.
|
| Whose products are these? |
CONCERN
Eleven of twelve categories are another company’s service under its own brand and on its own bill, with two of the largest now owned by the same listed utility group. Every supplier sells direct at the same price or better, and the policies forbid representatives from publishing any price comparison.
|
| Can you get your money back, and can you leave cleanly? |
CONCERN
In: yes - ten business days for a full refund, plus a refund of the last thirty days of Business Support Fee on a later termination. Out: no - you forfeit all unpaid commissions on termination against a three-month payment lag, you have no claim to the customers you acquired, and you cannot re-join for twelve months.
|
| Merchant play or miner play? |
WATCH
Closer to merchant than almost anything else graded here, because payment is genuinely tied to third-party customer billings and nothing is paid for enrollment - but the leverage at the top is still generational override on organization size, and the underlying services are all available direct, usually cheaper, with no fee.
|
What has to be true for you to get paid
| To cover | You need |
|---|---|
| Enrol and hold the position for one year | $648-$708 $299 Start-Up Fee, twelve Business Support Fees at $25 or $30, and the $49 renewal, which lands inside month twelve |
| Earn anything at all - reach Customer Qualified | 7 personal customer points across at least 3 services maintained continuously, not hit once; e.g. own electricity 1pt + own gas 1pt + an annual identity-protection subscription 4pt + one internet customer 1pt |
| Cover the year-two running cost from personal residual alone | ~$970 a month of commissionable revenue at the 3% entry band against $349-$409 a year of fees - roughly 25 residential energy customers, since a $100 supply charge yields $40 of commissionable revenue |
| Reach the 20% headline rate the marketing quotes | 200 personal customer points at 1 point per residential energy service that is 200 personal energy customers; at 2 points per television customer, 100 of them. The entry band is 3%. |
Read this twice
The cost side of this arithmetic is exact and it is genuinely low for the category: $648 in year one at the $25 reading of the Business Support Fee, $708 at the $30 reading, and $349 to $409 a year thereafter. There is no autoship, no inventory, no starter pack and no minimum monthly purchase volume - the policies say in terms that a representative does not need to buy anything to be one. That is worth more than it sounds, because in most of what this site grades the recurring purchase requirement is the extraction mechanism, and here there simply is not one. The earnings side is where the exercise breaks down, and it breaks down for a specific reason: the company does not publish an income disclosure with figures. A document titled "ACN Earnings Statement 2023" is publicly archived by a watchdog nonprofit as a scanned image, but its cohort figures could not be extracted and are not guessed at here; the company’s own FAQ answer to "How much can you make in ACN?" contains no number at all. So the panels above are built from the plan document rather than from outcomes. Three external anchors are worth setting beside them, each labeled. First, the company’s own policies require Regional Vice Presidents, Platinum RVPs and Senior Vice Presidents to disclose that their earnings are in the top 1% of all representatives - an honest rule, and the clearest statement of the odds available. Second, in the Australian High Court the regulator’s senior counsel stated on the record, uncontradicted, that the average representative had about 13 direct customers producing under $400 a year - a submission in a case the regulator lost, but arithmetic that was never disputed, and $400 is below the $648 year-one cost under the current US schedule. Third, the only participant-level in-and-out data that exists anywhere: in 2009, 312 Montana participants paid in about $234,813 and received $16,615 in total, of which $896.86 - 0.38% of the money in - was for direct sales to non-participants. Those figures came from records the company itself supplied to the state, in a proceeding that was vacated in full settlement with no finding and no admission, and they are seventeen years old. They have also never been contradicted. One further structural point belongs in any break-even sum: a large part of the catalog decays. Television, internet and carrier customers stop paying commission at 24 months and one wireless product at 30, and customers who merely stop using a service are silently removed from qualification counts by a process the policies call purging.
Run your own numbers
Drag the sliders. Nothing here is stored or sent.
One dollar twenty a month is what a new representative earns on a typical residential energy customer, and the arithmetic is the company’s own: a household paying $100 a month for supply generates $40 of commissionable revenue, and the entry residual band is 3%. That band is the honest one to model - the 20% headline the marketing quotes requires 200 personal customer points, and a customer of this kind is worth one point. Nothing at all is earned until Customer Qualified, which requires seven personal customer points across at least three different services, so the first several notches on this slider genuinely pay zero. The one-off $75 Personal Customer Bonus is excluded because it is a threshold payment rather than a commission, and television and internet residuals are excluded because they stop after 24 months while the marketing describes residual income as running "year after year". The cost line is the $30 monthly Business Support Fee, the higher of two figures the company’s own website gives on different pages; year one is $648 to $708 with no autoship and no product-purchase requirement, which is a genuinely low bar for this category. Break-even on fees alone at the 3% band needs roughly $970 a month of commissionable revenue behind you. Your own subscription cost of $30/mo is included.
What it costs to replace this yourself
This stack is unusually easy to build, because in eleven of twelve categories the replacement is the identical product bought one step earlier in the chain. Prices are given as 2026 open-market bands rather than exact figures for one reason stated plainly: the operator’s own storefront could not be priced. The services index rendered as an empty JavaScript shell, the mobile plan grid returned zero rows, the energy site is a ZIP-code-gated rate engine that also now redirects enrollments away, and two further pages returned crawl errors. That is "could not retrieve", not "does not exist" - and a storefront a prospective customer cannot price without a personal representative link is itself a finding.
| What they sell you | What you'd use instead | Your cost |
|---|---|---|
| Residential electricity and gas through the retail supplier | Your incumbent utility’s own default supply service - Con Edison, National Grid, PECO, ComEd, Ameren, CenterPoint - or a state rate-comparison board such as PAPowerSwitch or Energy Choice Ohio | usually less; regulator data shows retail-supplier customers paid ~$1.2bn more over three years in one state |
| Home security and automation through the referral layer | The same vendor direct, or SimpliSafe, Ring Alarm, ADT, Abode, Wyze | $10-60/mo, same or lower |
| The company’s own mobile virtual network | Mint Mobile, Visible, US Mobile, Tello, Boost Mobile or Google Fi - all on the same three host networks, all self-serve, none charging a membership | $15-40/mo |
| Home internet and television through the agent | AT&T, Frontier, Spectrum, DIRECTV and DISH direct - every one sells online with promotional pricing an agent cannot beat | identical or lower |
| Identity-theft protection through an affiliate link | The same vendor direct, or Aura, Identity Guard - plus statutory free credit freezes at Equifax, Experian and TransUnion | $0-20/mo |
| Healthcare sharing membership from $73/mo | An ACA marketplace plan with premium tax credit if eligible, or an employer plan | varies; materially different risk transfer |
| Members-only travel subscription | Booking.com, Expedia, Costco Travel, Priceline, airline and hotel loyalty programs | $0 to join |
| Merchant payment processing through a referral layer | Square, Stripe, Helcim or PayPal Zettle at published interchange-plus pricing | published rates, no agent |
| Payroll and HR through an undisclosed vendor | Gusto, ADP RUN, Paychex or QuickBooks Payroll | $40-80/mo + per-employee |
| The representative position itself - $648 in year one | The free refer-a-friend programs run by most of those same carriers, energy suppliers and security vendors | $0 |
| Total as sold $648-$708 in year-one fees before a single customer |
Total, built yourself $0 to refer, and the same services at the same or lower prices |
Price-to-value
The sharpest line in this table is the last one. A person can already refer friends and family to the security vendor, the television carrier or an energy supplier for nothing, through those companies’ own programs, and be paid for it. What $648 a year buys is a structured, ranked, downline-bearing version of that activity, with a maintenance requirement attached and a book you do not own at the end. On the customer side the picture is simpler still: in no category is the buyer being offered a price the market does not already offer them directly, and in the energy category there is regulator-criticized evidence and a certified class action against the supplier suggesting the opposite. The company’s own compliance rules forbid its salesforce from publishing the comparison that would settle it.
Three operators, five horizons
Probability of cumulative net profit
Hover any point for median, top decile and bottom quartile.
The switcher
joins mainly to move their own household bills across and earn a little on the side; never recruits
| Horizon | P(profit) | Median |
|---|---|---|
| 3 mo | 2% | −$390 |
| 6 mo | 2% | −$470 |
| 1 yr | 3% | −$530 |
| 3 yr | 4% | −$1,150 |
| 5 yr | 4% | −$1,750 |
The grinder
10-15 hrs/wk, works the customer side hard, builds toward 40 personal points and sponsors a handful
| Horizon | P(profit) | Median |
|---|---|---|
| 3 mo | 6% | −$420 |
| 6 mo | 11% | −$520 |
| 1 yr | 22% | −$180 |
| 3 yr | 26% | +$400 |
| 5 yr | 25% | +$300 |
The organization builder
30+ hrs/wk, events and travel, driving toward Regional Director and beyond
| Horizon | P(profit) | Median |
|---|---|---|
| 3 mo | 3% | −$1,100 |
| 6 mo | 5% | −$2,000 |
| 1 yr | 9% | −$3,400 |
| 3 yr | 13% | −$6,500 |
| 5 yr | 14% | −$8,000 |
Methodology note. These are modeled outcome ranges, not claims, and not the company’s figures - because the company does not publish figures. ANCHORED to the published plan and fee schedule: the $299 Start-Up Fee, the $25 or $30 monthly Business Support Fee, the $49 renewal, the 3% entry residual band and the 20% band at 200 personal customer points, the 4% per level to level five, the seven-point Customer Qualification bar across three services, the fifteen-point five-service maintenance rule at Regional Director and above, the personal customer bonus ladder from $75 at three services and seven points to $600 at eleven services and twenty-two points, the overriding customer acquisition bonuses of $50 to $450 that fire only when a sponsored representative qualifies within 30 days, the 2021 commissionable-revenue schedule with its 40% energy rate and its fixed $10-$45 carrier amounts, and the 24- and 30-month cut-offs on the carrier products. ANCHORED also to three external data points, each stage-labeled in the break-even note: the company’s own top-1% disclosure rule, an uncontradicted regulator submission about 13 customers and under $400 a year in a case that regulator lost, and the vacated Montana filing’s in-and-out figures computed from company-supplied records. MODELED by us: every dollar figure above, the proportion of each cohort in cumulative profit, the cohort definitions, and the expense side beyond the published fees - travel, events, the optional business tools, phone and time are not in these numbers and the company does not price them. Two calibrations cut in the company’s favor and belong here. There is no autoship, so the fee line really is the whole mandatory cost; and a switcher who genuinely moves bills they were paying anyway is not spending new money on product, which is why the switcher’s losses converge on the fee schedule rather than compounding. One cuts the other way: the grinder’s later-year medians assume the customer book is replaced as the 24-month carrier products roll off, which is work that has to be done again every two years.
Where you are actually allowed to promote this
Platform policy reads, not verifications. Check every one before you spend a dollar - enforcement changes faster than the written policy does.
Red flags and green flags
Red flags
151Twenty-five of twenty-seven markets exited in roughly four years
2No income disclosure with figures exists in machine-readable form
3The Policies and Procedures forbid representatives from publishing price comparisons
4"Year after year" residual income stops at 24 months on most of the catalog
5The company’s own website states two different monthly fees
6Total forfeiture of earned-but-unpaid commissions on termination, against a three-month payment lag
7The representative never owns the customer or the downline
8Commissionable revenue is a haircut on the bill, and the company may cut it further at will
9Eleven of twelve categories are somebody else’s brand and somebody else’s bill
10The energy product is sold through a retail supplier channel with a documented cost problem
11The only participant-level in-and-out data that exists shows near-total loss
12Watchdog findings on income claims twice, six years apart
13An acquired membership base was left with no value
14A decade of paid celebrity endorsement, scrubbed overnight and never reconciled
15The company’s own answer to the pyramid question concedes recruitment is one of two income drivers
Green flags
101No payment of any kind for enrolling anyone
2No autoship, no inventory, no product-purchase requirement
3Personal customer maintenance at every rank, including the top
4Per-leg caps that block single-leg stacking
5The recruit’s fee goes to the company, not to the sponsor
6A litigated appellate judgment in the company’s favor, with costs against the regulator
7A mandatory top-1% disclosure by the highest ranks
8Plan documents lead with the loss warning, in bold
9Ten business days to cancel for a full refund, plus a support-fee refund on later exit
10Real named third-party services, and an accreditation gate on the healthcare product
We would like to be wrong about this
Upward
- Publication of a current income disclosure with cohort figures in a machine-readable form - or simply a legible version of the 2023 earnings statement that exists only as a scanned image - together with a compliant Canadian typical-participant disclosure under the Competition Act, which would by law contain a median-band figure rather than an average.
- An express plan rule that customers used to satisfy Customer Qualification and rank maintenance must be non-participants, which would close the one real hole in an otherwise strong customer-acquisition architecture; and repeal of the ban on representatives publishing price comparisons, which would let the salesforce prove the value case rather than being forbidden from testing it.
- Evidence that the retreat has stopped: two consecutive years without a market exit or a further sale of a field organization, confirmed growth in the US and Canadian business, and a single consistent Business Support Fee across the company’s own website.
Downward
- Any further market exit, any sale of the US or Canadian field organization, or the imposition of an "adjusted compensation plan" on the North American field of the kind the European representatives were given in January 2024.
- A judgment against the energy supplier in the certified class action, which would convert a filed claim into a finding that the flagship energy product overcharged customers; or any refiled state-court action arising from the endorser litigation that names ACN itself or produces adverse findings about the opportunity.
- A first regulatory action of substance - an FTC matter, a state attorney general enforcement action, a surviving consent order - or evidence of further undisclosed fee increases on the pattern of the unexplained $25 to $30 discrepancy already on the company’s own site.
Grade is C-. The plan pays nothing for enrolling anyone and demands real customers before anything is earned - attached to a catalog that is eleven-twelfths somebody else’s, and a company that has left 25 of its 27 markets since 2022.
Three things here are genuinely better than the reputation and they go first. There is no payment of any kind for enrolling a person - no signup bonus, no pack commission, no fast start - and the plan says so in bold on its own front page. Before a representative earns anything at all they must acquire seven personal customer points across at least three different services and keep them; Regional Directors, Regional Vice Presidents and Senior Vice Presidents must maintain fifteen personal points across five services simply to keep being paid at their rank; and per-leg caps of 200 and 750 customer points stop a single leg carrying a qualification. There is no autoship, no inventory and no product-purchase requirement, so the mandatory cost is bounded at $648 to $708 in year one. And the contested legal file resolved in the company’s favor: the Full Federal Court of Australia allowed its appeal on 25 October 2005, set aside every declaration and ordered the regulator to pay costs, and the High Court refused special leave on 2 June 2006, again with costs. The Montana cease-and-desist of 2010 was vacated within about five weeks with no fine, no admission and an express settlement finding that the conduct was not part of the business model. The company was never a defendant in the litigation involving its former celebrity endorser, whose racketeering claims were dismissed in 2019, whose class certification was denied in October 2023, and which left federal court without prejudice in January 2024.
The value question is where it turns. Eleven of the twelve categories the company itself lists are another firm’s service under another firm’s brand on another firm’s bill - and two of the biggest, residential energy and home security, are now owned by the same listed utility group. Every one of those suppliers sells direct at the same price or better; several run refer-a-friend programs that cost nothing to join. The company’s own Policies and Procedures forbid representatives from publishing any price comparison against other telecom or energy providers and from making any numerical savings claim. On the economics, no income disclosure with figures exists in machine-readable form - the one archived earnings statement is a scanned image - and the only participant-level in-and-out data ever published showed 0.38% of participant inflow being paid for sales to non-participants, from company-supplied records in a proceeding later vacated. The company’s own rules require its top ranks to say on the record that they are in the top 1%. Meanwhile the FAQ promises income "year after year" on products whose commissions stop at month 24.
The third element is the one that would decide it for most people. This company is not growing; it is withdrawing. Recruitment across Europe stopped in late 2022 without explanation. In a single week in January 2024 it sold its Latin American mobile business, sold Korea and wound down all European direct selling, handing the European distributor database to an unrelated listed direct seller free of charge while its holding company invested USD 1m into the buyer. Spain ended fixed-line service in May 2025, Denmark dissolved that month, and the UK service company was solvently liquidated and struck off by May 2026. Solvent wind-ups are not insolvencies and none of this is a finding of wrongdoing - but the company’s own FAQ now says it operates in two countries, against 27 in 2019. Set that beside the terms: total forfeiture of earned-but-unpaid commissions on exit, a three-month payment lag, no claim to the customers you acquired, and twelve months before you may re-join. The plan is not being funded by inflow; it is being wound down market by market, and the European field found that out with a letter.
Take the free referral route the suppliers already run
Most national carriers, energy suppliers and security vendors operate their own refer-a-friend programs that pay for the same activity and cost nothing to join. Before paying $648 in year one for a structured version of it, check what the two or three suppliers you would actually recommend pay directly. If the answer is comparable, the fee is buying you rank and a downline, not access.
Do the seven-point sum honestly before you enrol
Nothing is earned until you hold seven personal customer points across at least three different services, maintained. Write down the actual names - not "friends and family", the names - of people who will move their electricity, their television or their identity protection to a supplier they can already buy from directly. If the only names on the list are your own household, you have not built a customer base; you have moved your own bills and paid $648 for the privilege.
Ask what happens to your book at month 24, and what happened in Europe
Ask your sponsor which products in the catalog pay for the life of the customer and which stop at 24 or 30 months, and get the answer in writing against the current schedule. Then ask what the European representatives were told in January 2024, and what happened to their downlines. A sponsor who cannot answer either question has not read the documents that govern your income.
Sell the comparison the representatives are not allowed to publish
The single largest content gap in this category is the thing the policies forbid: honest, sourced, up-to-date comparisons of energy tariffs, mobile plans, home-internet pricing and identity-protection cover, with the default utility rate and the free credit freeze included. The search demand is enormous and permanent, it needs no fee, no rank and no permission, and affiliate programs from the same suppliers pay for it. It is a merchant business rather than a miner business, and nobody can deactivate it.
Nine dimensions, weighted
Dimension profile
Further from center is better. Hover any point.
Hard caps that bind here
The lowest binding cap wins, regardless of the weighted arithmetic.
What we read
Every source below links to the document itself. Tier 1 is a primary record - the company’s own plan, policy or disclosure, a court filing, a regulator’s decision or an SEC filing. Tier 2 is a self-regulatory or secondary regulator record, tier 3 reporting or academic work, tier 4 an open-market price comparison. Where a document can be moved or withdrawn, an archived copy is linked beside it. If a link is dead when you try it, that is a correction we want.
- ACN North American Compensation Plan Overview, effective 1 April 2020 (PDF) - the seven-Customer-Point/three-service Customer Qualification bar, the 3%–20% personal residual band and the US customer-point and commissionable-revenue schedule
North American Compensation Plan Overview, effective 1 April 2020 (www2.acninc.com/join/301.pdf) and effective 1 May 2021 (acncompass.com) - the 3%-to-20% personal residual band and its 200-point top rate, 4% per level to level five, the 1.5%-3% generational overrides, the seven-point/three-service Customer Qualification bar, the fifteen-point/five-service maintenance rule for RD, RVP and SVP, the 600/200 and 3,000/750 per-leg caps, the $75-$600 personal customer bonus ladder, the $50-$450 overriding customer acquisition bonuses and their 30-day qualification trigger, and the full US commissionable-revenue schedule by product
- ACN North American Compensation Plan Overview, effective 1 May 2021 (PDF, ACNCompass) - the 15-point/five-service RD, RVP and SVP maintenance rule and the 600/200 and 3,000/750 per-leg customer-point caps
- ACN U.S. Compensation Plan Overview effective 1 March 2012, filed as Exhibit 3 in Doe v. The Trump Corporation (S.D.N.Y.) - the predecessor plan against which the 2020/2021 qualification bars can be compared
- ACN Policies and Procedures - United States, effective September 2021 (PDF) - no-purchase requirement, ten-business-day cooling off, Business Support Fee refund, forfeiture on termination, the twelve-month re-join bar, purging, the three-month payment lag and the mandatory disclosure and top-1% rules
ACN Policies and Procedures - United States, effective September 2021 (acn.com/documents/legal/USPP_EN_ADA_9.01.21.pdf) - no purchase requirement, ten-business-day cooling off, Business Support Fee refund, total compensation forfeiture on termination, the twelve-month re-join bar, "no Sponsor, Upline, or IBO has any right or claim in or to a deactivated position, its Customers, Downline, or placement", purging, the three-month payment lag, the right to reduce commissionable revenue, supplier non-payment, and the mandatory disclosure and top-1% rules
- ACN Policies & Procedures - Australia and New Zealand (PDF, ACN Pacific Pty Ltd) - clause 1.2 Marketing and Advertising Policy, the ban on IBO-created marketing materials and websites, the prohibition on savings/rate guarantees and on earnings claims
ACN Policies and Procedures - Australia and New Zealand (myacn.acninc.com) - the prohibition on publishing price comparisons against other telecom or energy providers, the ban on numerical savings guarantees, the ban on representative-created marketing materials and websites, and the prohibition on claiming regulatory endorsement
- ACN Australian Compensation Plan, effective 1 December 2016 (PDF) - the Australian seven-Customer-Point/four-service qualification and the customer-point and commissionable-revenue schedule referenced by the ANZ policies
- ACN New Zealand Independent Business Owner Agreement - Terms and Conditions, effective 1 August 2020 (PDF)
- Australian Communications Network Pty Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2005] FCAFC 221 (25 October 2005) - Full Federal Court allows the appeal, sets aside the declarations and orders and awards costs against the ACCC
Australian Communications Network Pty Ltd v ACCC [2005] FCAFC 221 (25 October 2005), allowing the appeal, setting aside all declarations and orders and awarding costs against the regulator; ACCC v Australian Communications Network Pty Ltd [2005] FCA 276 and [2005] FCA 988 (first instance and orders); ACCC v ACN [2006] HCATrans 265 (2 June 2006), special leave refused with costs; ACCC media releases of 25 October 2005 and 5 June 2006
Not established by this document: No retrievable transcript of ACCC v ACN [2006] HCATrans 265 (2 June 2006) could be located; AustLII's HCATrans series did not surface the document. The refusal of special leave with costs is instead evidenced by the ACCC's own media release of 5 June 2006, cited above.
- Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Australian Communications Network Pty Ltd [2005] FCA 276 (23 March 2005, Selway J) - first-instance finding that the $499-plus-GST scheme was a pyramid selling scheme
- Australian Competition & Consumer Commission v Australian Communications Network Pty Ltd [2005] FCA 988 (20 July 2005, Mansfield J) - the declarations, injunctions and corrective-publication orders later set aside on appeal
- "Full Federal Court upholds ACN's appeal against pyramid selling decision" - ACCC media release MR 255/05, 25 October 2005
- "High Court refuses special leave in ACCC – ACN" - ACCC media release 3/06, 5 June 2006, recording that special leave was refused on 2 June 2006
- "Court finds Australian Communications Network scheme is a pyramid selling scheme" - ACCC media release MR 072/05, 23 March 2005
- In the Matter of ACN, Incorporated, Gregory Provenzano, Robert Stevanovski, Anthony Cupisz and Michael Cupisz - Notice of Proposed Agency Disciplinary Action and Cease-and-Desist Order, Montana Securities Department, August 2010 (scanned copy) - the 2008 and 2009 participant in-and-out figures, including $896.86 of $234,813.02 paid for direct sales to non-participants
Montana Notice of Proposed Agency Disciplinary Action and Cease-and-Desist Order (August 2010, scanned) and the September 2010 settlement vacating it - the 2008 and 2009 participant in-and-out figures computed from company-supplied records, including $896.86 of $234,813 paid for direct sales to non-participants, and the Commissioner’s determination that the conduct was not part of the business model; contemporary reporting of the order being lifted on 13 September 2010
Not established by this document: The Montana Commissioner's own posted copies of the August 2010 order and the September 2010 motion to vacate could not be located on csimt.gov, whose Legal Actions index does not reach back to 2010; the scanned copy of the Notice above and contemporaneous Associated Press reporting are used in their place.
- "State resolves pyramid scheme allegation" - Associated Press, 12 October 2010, reporting Commissioner Lindeen's finding that the conduct was not part of the ACN business model and the terms of the settlement
- "ACN settles with state over pyramid-scheme allegations" - Associated Press, 13 October 2010
- Contemporary trade report of the Montana cease-and-desist order being lifted on 13 September 2010, quoting ACN's notice to its field
- "Company" - ACN corporate page (US), 2026: founded January 1993 by Greg Provenzano, Robert Stevanovski, Tony Cupisz and Mike Cupisz; "United States and Canada"
ACN corporate pages and FAQs, 2026 - /us-en/company, /us-en/faqs/acn/about-acn, /us-en/faqs/acn/the-acn-opportunity, /us-en/faqs/acn/history-of-acn and the residential service pages - the $299, $25/$30 and $49 fee schedule and its internal contradiction, the twelve service categories, "ACN currently operates in the United States and Canada", the "month after month, year after year" residual claim, and the concession that income potential is contingent on customers and on recruitment of new IBOs
- "The ACN Opportunity" - ACN US support FAQ: the $299 Start-Up Fee, $25 monthly Business Support Fee and $49 Annual Renewal Fee, and the "month after month, year after year" residual claim
- "History of ACN" - ACN US support FAQ: over 30 years, the four founders, and DSA membership and Code of Ethics certification
- "The ACN Opportunity" - ACN Canada support FAQ, showing the same $299/$25/$49 fee schedule but a 10% (not 20%) personal residual ceiling
- ACN Business Opportunity Overview, effective 1 April 2025 (PDF) - the $299 start-up plus $25/month, the $50–$450 overriding CAB range and the bolded warning that "Individuals will not earn income and will lose money as an IBO if customers are not acquired" (company deck, copy served from an IBO site; ACN's own hosted copy could not be reached)
ACN Business Opportunity Overview effective 1 April 2025 and the 2023 ACN Presentation deck archived by a watchdog nonprofit - the current category list, the $50-$450 bonus range and the bolded loss warning that individuals will not earn income and will lose money if customers are not acquired
- 2023 ACN Presentation deck (PDF) as archived by Truth in Advertising, Inc. - the $299/$25 fee panel, the $50–$450 CAB range and the earned-position ladder
- 2023 ACN Earnings Statement - ACN's most recently published income disclosure, archived by Truth in Advertising, Inc. as a scanned image (not machine-readable)
- 2023 ACN Income Claims Database - TINA.org's catalog of ACN income claims, and the source of the archived Earnings Statement and enrollment cost material
- ACN Inc. - TINA.org brand file, recording the FTC's Notice of Penalty Offenses to ACN, TINA.org's 2017 and 2023 income-claims letters and ACN's responses
- FTC Notice of Penalty Offenses Concerning Money-Making Opportunities (PDF, October 2021) - the practices the Commission has determined to be unfair or deceptive in earnings representations
- List of October 2021 recipients of the FTC's Notices of Penalty Offenses Concerning Money-Making Opportunities (PDF) - the roster of more than 1,100 businesses served, which includes ACN
- "FTC Puts Businesses on Notice that False Money-Making Claims Could Lead to Big Penalties" - FTC press release, 26 October 2021
- Doe (later McKoy) v. The Trump Corporation, No. 1:18-cv-09936 (S.D.N.Y.) - full public docket
Doe v. The Trump Corporation, No. 1:18-cv-09936 (S.D.N.Y., Schofield J.) - motion-to-dismiss opinion of 24 July 2019 dismissing the RICO counts, dismissal of the three Trump children in June 2023, denial of class certification on all four proposed classes on 17 October 2023, and the order of 11 January 2024 dismissing the remaining claims from federal court without prejudice. ACN was not a defendant
Not established by this document: The separate so-ordered stipulation dismissing Donald Trump Jr., Eric Trump and Ivanka Trump could not be retrieved as its own docket PDF; the class-certification opinion at ECF No. 640 records the dismissal and dates it 19 May 2023 rather than June 2023.
- Opinion and Order of 24 July 2019 (Schofield J), ECF No. 97 - motion to dismiss granted in part, RICO Counts I and II dismissed for failure to plead proximate cause; state-law claims retained under CAFA
- Opinion and Order of 17 October 2023 (Schofield J), ECF No. 640 - class certification denied on all four proposed classes and on the Rule 23(c)(4) issue class; records that the Trump family members were dismissed by stipulation on 19 May 2023
- Order of 11 January 2024 (Schofield J), ECF No. 682 - the court declines supplemental jurisdiction and dismisses the remaining state-law claims without prejudice to refiling in state court
- Defendants' Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Plaintiffs' Motion for Class Certification, ECF No. 553 - the defense position that "[t]his entire case is about ACN, Inc.", which was not a defendant
- Mirkin v. XOOM Energy, LLC, No. 18-3138 (2d Cir., 26 July 2019) - reversal in part, reinstating the breach-of-contract claim
Mirkin v. XOOM Energy, LLC - Second Circuit opinion of 26 July 2019 reinstating the contract claim, E.D.N.Y. summary judgment of 14 August 2023 and class-certification opinion of 31 August 2023 (80,000-110,000 members; expert estimates of $27.5m-$55m); court-approved class notice, February 2024, stating that the court has not determined who is right. A claim against ACN’s energy supplier, not against ACN
Not established by this document: The 14 August 2023 summary-judgment opinion (ECF No. 151) was not retrievable as a standalone document; its holdings are recounted at length in the certification opinion and in the June 2024 decertification opinion.
- Mirkin v. XOOM Energy, LLC, No. 1:18-cv-02949, ECF No. 152 (E.D.N.Y., 31 August 2023, Ross J) - Opinion and Order certifying the New York class; records the experts' $27.5m and $55m overcharge estimates
- Court-approved class notice website, Mirkin v. XOOM Energy, LLC - "The Court has not determined who is right"; exclusion deadline 12 February 2024
- Long-Form Notice to the certified class (PDF), Mirkin v. XOOM Energy, LLC
- Court's Certification Order as posted on the class-notice site (PDF)
- "DSN Announces the 2017 Global 100!" - ACN ranked 30th at $750 million of FY2016 revenue (self-submitted, certified by the company rather than audited)
Trade and journalism, each labeled where used: Direct Selling News 2017 Global 100 (self-submitted, unaudited) and its 2021 and 2023 features; BusinessForHome and MLMRanks directory estimates including the stale $500m field and the modeled 20% payout ratio; BehindMLM on the 2022 European recruitment halt, the January 2022 acquisition and its December 2023 devaluation, and the January 2024 sales of Europe, Korea and Latin American mobile; UK Companies House and Danish CVR records for the 2025-2026 solvent wind-ups; BBC News, 9 March 2020 and The Spinoff, 2 October 2019, both journalism rather than regulation
Not established by this document: The Danish CVR entity page at datacvr.virk.dk returned HTTP 403 to the fetcher; the company's own filed annual report served by the Danish Business Authority is cited instead. MLMRanks' ACN record could not be located under that name.
- DSN Global 100 methodology note - revenue is self-submitted on a Revenue Certification Form validated by the CEO, not independently audited
- BusinessForHome directory record for ACN - the stale $500m estimated-revenue field carried unchanged from 2021 to 2025 and the modeled 20% payout ratio
- "ACN halts recruitment in Europe (we don't know why)" - BehindMLM, 29 October 2022
- "ACN quietly acquires Team National" - BehindMLM, 17 January 2022
- "ACN discontinues perks, Team National left with 'no value'" - BehindMLM, 11 December 2023
- "ACN appears to be collapsing outside of the US" - BehindMLM, 2 February 2024, on the January 2024 sales of the European, Korean and Latin American mobile businesses
- "Zinzino Enters into Strategic Partnership with ACN Europe" - trade report of ACN's decision to wind down its European direct-selling operations and transfer its distributor database, 29 January 2024
- Report of the 24 January 2024 acquisition of ACN Korea, with ACN Korea's 2022 sales of KRW 33.35 billion
- "Diri acquires Flash Mobile Latam" - report of ACN's sale of its Latin American mobile business, 24 January 2024
- ACN European Services Limited (company no. 03650246) - Companies House record: members' voluntary liquidation resolved 10 October 2025, declaration of solvency 26 November 2025, dissolved 5 May 2026
- ACN Danmark A/S (CVR 24212572) - annual report filed with the Danish Business Authority, disclosing that management expects to liquidate the company by normal liquidation and that DKK 27.4m of DKK 27.4m current assets is a receivable from affiliated companies
- "People recruited by sales company ACN 'losing money'" - BBC News, 9 March 2020
- "Why you should be wary of ACN, the next multi-level marketer to hit social media" - The Spinoff, 2 October 2019, including ACN's statement in response
What we could not get
- The 2023 ACN Earnings Statement figures. A document by that name exists and is publicly archived by a watchdog nonprofit - but only as a scanned image, not in machine-readable form, and its cohort figures could not be extracted. They are not guessed at anywhere in this report. This is the single highest-value open item on the company.
- Live 2026 consumer prices for anything in the catalog. The services index rendered as an empty JavaScript shell with no product or price content; the mobile plan grid returned zero rows; the energy site is a ZIP-code-gated rate engine that additionally redirects enrollments elsewhere; two further pages returned crawl errors. That is "could not retrieve", not "does not exist", and no claim about current retail prices is made in this report.
- The North Carolina and Delaware entity registration numbers for ACN Opportunity, LLC and ACN, Inc. The state business registry was not reachable through the tooling available. Again: could not retrieve, not does not exist.
- The current Canadian typical-participant disclosure. Canada is one of the two markets the company still operates in and has the stricter regime - s.55 of the Competition Act requires disclosure of compensation actually received by typical participants, defined by the Competition Bureau as a median band rather than an average. No such current disclosure could be located on reachable Canadian pages. If it exists and is compliant it contains the best number available on this company anywhere.
- The NYSE ticker collision, which is a reader-facing correction and worth the space. "ACN" is the ticker of an unrelated listed consultancy with roughly 800,000 employees, and a widely-circulated June 2026 headline about investors joining a securities-fraud investigation into "ACN" belongs to that listed company - it was found mechanically appended to a machine-built company profile for this company’s European subsidiary. Any "ACN securities fraud" or "ACN shareholder suit" result is the listed consultancy. The string also collides with Australian Company Numbers, which appear on every Australian corporate filing, and with clinical and aviation abbreviations. Every search behind this report was qualified accordingly.
- The current BBB rating and accreditation status, and current US Direct Selling Association membership. Both are asserted by the company; neither could be independently retrieved, and a BBB rating is a private ratings body’s finding in any case. Membership as at June 2023 is confirmed by a third party.
- Whether the "ACN Chief Development Officer" named by two lead-generation aggregators and the co-founder of one of the company’s flagship healthcare products are the same person. If they are, it is a related-party product placement. The identity match is aggregator-asserted and could not be confirmed either way.
- The final outcome of the class action against the energy supplier, whether the endorser litigation was refiled in California, Maryland or Pennsylvania state courts, the amounts of the payment-processing, account-maintenance and transfer fees referenced but not quantified in the policies, event ticket prices, and the current 2026 North American compensation plan - the 2020 and 2021 editions are the most recent publicly retrievable, and promotional overlays change monthly.
Not advice
This is independent analysis for decision-making, not legal, financial or investment advice. Allegations reported by third parties should be verified against primary court and regulatory records before any decision.
Researched by Claude. Reviewed by an editor.
Every report is researched and written by Claude, Anthropic’s AI assistant, from the company’s own plan documents, policies, terms and regulatory file - then reviewed before publication by Rob Fore, who checks the sources and the stage-label on every allegation.
- Nine weighted dimensions, published with their weights
- The editor checks the evidence and cannot change the number - the build rejects any page whose grade does not reconcile to its own arithmetic
- Every affiliate position we hold is disclosed on the report it touches
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ACN - frequently asked
QIs ACN a pyramid scheme?
QHow much does it cost to join ACN, and is there an autoship?
QHow much do ACN representatives actually earn?
QWas ACN sued over its celebrity endorsement?
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Author, editor and publisher
This report was researched and written by Claude, Anthropic’s AI assistant, working from primary documents - ACN’s own compensation plan, its policies and procedures, its terms of service, its income disclosure statement where one exists, and its regulatory and self-regulatory file. It was scored against nine weighted dimensions that are published in full, with their weights, on the methodology page.
Before publication it was reviewed by Rob Fore, who checks every source link, every figure against the document it came from, and every allegation against its stage-label - an investigation is not a finding, a warning letter is not an enforcement action, and a filed claim is not a verdict.
The editor does not set the grade. The published score is the weighted composite of the nine dimension scores, and the build refuses to emit a page where the two disagree by more than 0.06. A grade moves when the evidence moves it and not otherwise.
Rob Fore has marketed online since 1996, wrote Online MLM Marketing (2014), and is CEO of Listech Inc, the Nevada corporation that publishes this site. He holds affiliate positions in companies graded here - including LiveGood, which this site grades D, SendOutCards, which it grades C−, and the Home Business Academy, which it grades B−. Those positions are disclosed on the reports they touch, and changed nothing on this page.
About the author and our conflicts · Contact the editor · Corrections: corrections@opportunitygrade.com
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